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		<div class="headers"><h3 class="current content">内容</h3><h3 class="preface">序文</h3><h3 class="indexes">主要目次</h3></div><section class="current content">平成28年第46回の客観式問題を網羅．写真問題も出題通りにカラーで掲載．全問題を平成25年からの新出題基準に準じて分類．各問題ごとに充実した解説付き．「視能学第2版」の参照頁入り．</section><section class="preface">序文<br><br>　第46回視能訓練士国家試験は視能訓練士に不必要な計算問題が少なく，常識的な問題が主体で，合格率が良かった．まず良問の代表例を挙げたい．屈折矯正手術後の不定愁訴への検査法に関する出題で，現時点ではよくある事例である．タクソノミーII型に属し，知識としても有益である．眼科専門医にも知って欲しいと思った．<br>　一方，視能訓練士国家試験は，その時々の眼科医療・医学のレべルに即応し，視能訓練士が具有すべき知識を問うべきである．その時点で評価された知識や検査法・治療法が出題されなければならない．治療法に一貫性がないのは見苦しい．小児の間欠性外斜視への対応で，経過観察が常識的にみて最良の選択肢であり，1問はそれが正解であるのに対し，別の問題では，弊害のある視能矯正訓練の方法を選択肢として並べてある．一部の試験委員は斜視視能矯正が正しいと盲信しているのであろうが真実の姿を見ていただきたい．医師国家試験や眼科専門医認定試験で，結膜炎としてのトラコーマが出題されなくなってから久しい．視能訓練士国家試験においても生理的複視訓練・抑制除去訓練のflashing methodなど臨床との乖離がある問題は，知識としても必要がない日が早く来るようにと願ってやまない．<br>　今回気になったのは，選択肢の中には，二律背反が同一問題で2か所あり，これでは5者択一でなく3者択一になってしまう．また，ナンセンス肢も目に付いた．<br>　毎回序文に書いているが，用語も正しくしてもらいたい．例えば，むき眼位のことを視方向と生理学で使用される用語を用いるのはいかがなものか．色覚については20年近く前から学術用語には使われない先天赤緑異常が今なお健在である．<br>　以上のように，良問も多い反面，愚問も目立ち，試験委員の著しい格差をうかがわせる．国家試験は，教育的配慮と一般常識から出題されることを念頭に試験委員のさらなる質の向上を望みたい．<br>　本書の利用に当たっては，「視能学第2版」と「視能訓練士セルフアセスメント第6版」「第6版追補版（第43〜45回）」とを併用すると便利である．<br>　なお，問題の整理には田中絵理助教の協力を得たことを付記する．<br><br>平成28年5月<br><br>丸尾敏夫<br>久保田伸枝</section><section class="indexes">［I］基礎医学大要<br>　1.　人体の構造と機能及び<br>　　　心身の発達・加齢<br>　2.　疾病と障害の成り立ち及び<br>　　　回復過程の促進<br>　3.　視覚機能の基礎と検査機器<br>　　A.　眼の解剖と生理・病理・免疫・遺伝<br>　　B.　生体と検査機器<br>　4.　保健医療福祉と視能障害の<br>　　　リハビリテーションの理念<br>［II］　基礎視能矯正学<br>　1.　視能矯正の枠組み<br>　2.　両眼視機能と眼球運動<br>　　A.　外眼筋の作用と眼球運動<br>　　B.　輻湊・開散・AC/A 比<br>　　C.　両眼視<br>　3.　視覚生理学の基礎<br>　　A.　形態覚<br>　　B.　視野<br>　　C.　色覚・光覚<br>　　D.　眼の電気生理<br>　4.　生理光学<br>　　A.　眼球光学<br>　　B.　屈折・調節の異常<br>　　C.　屈折・調節の検査<br>　　D.　屈折・調節の矯正<br>［III］　視能検査学<br>　1.　眼科検査学<br>　2.　眼科薬理学<br>［IV］　視能障害学<br>　1.　眼疾病学<br>　　A.　眼瞼・顔面・涙器<br>　　B.　結膜・角膜・強膜<br>　　C.　水晶体・緑内障<br>　　D.　ぶどう膜<br>　　E.　網膜・硝子体<br>　　F.　視神経・視路<br>　　G.　瞳孔<br>　　H.　眼振<br>　　I.　心因性視覚障害<br>　　J.　全身疾患と眼<br>　　K.　症候群・組み合わせ・症状<br>　　L.　外傷<br>［V］　視能訓練学<br>　1.　斜視	<br>　　A.　斜視検査<br>　　B.　斜視治療<br>　　　 a.　斜視の光学的治療<br>　　　 b.　斜視手術<br>　　C.　 各型<br>　　　 a.　内斜視<br>　　　 b.　外斜視<br>　　　 c.　その他の斜視<br>　　　 d.　眼性頭位異常・麻痺性斜視<br>　　　 e.　斜視特殊型<br>　2.　弱視	<br>　3.　ロービジョン<br>　4.　臨床心理<br>　5.　視能訓練<br>　　A.　 弱視訓練<br>　　B.　 斜視訓練</section></article>
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